BOILING GLASS, THE (GNOMISH: "FIRNEL SIMARS")
The boiling glasses are usually cylindrically shaped vessels, which can be long and small in length. The length of the long boiling glasses must be twice as big as their diameter. These glasses can be with a snout or without it, with measuring lines drawn on their sides or without them. The capacity of these glasses can be various: long glasses can have a maximum capacity of two, four, six, ten, sixteen, twenty-four, forty, eighty, one hundred and twelve sips, small glasses - 1/5, 2/5, one and up to two hundred sips. It is restricted to heat boiling glasses on an open fire. They can be heated only on closed heating surfaces, like on a home furnace, and in various kinds of baths.
 

FLASK, THE (GNOMISH: "FLOG")
The flasks are vessels that are conical in shape with a flat bottom and a narrow neck. They are made out of glass that has a high resistance against the aggressive natured substances and high temperatures. The capacity of these flasks is various - starting with 2/5 of a sip and up to two hundred sips. In appearance, they differ by the length of a neck and by their diameter. These flasks are used for making the solutions or during the researching euxperi. You should remember that these flasks can be heated only on the closed heating surfaces.
 

FUNNEL, VI, FILLION, THE (GNOMISH: "GNUFILIM")
The glass funnels that are also called "Vi" or "Fillion" in the workshop of an alchemist can be used for various goals - filtration, separation of solutions, for pattering solid or powdered substances into the other vessels, or for pouring liquids into the other vessels etc. Therefore, they can vary in appearance. A funnel is a conical shaped vessel that has a tube which is molten to its top, and this tube has a delicate truncated end. The size of a funnel is determined by its diameter. Usually alchemists use only eight different sized funnels, which diameters are as follows: 1.) three nailsbreadths and two grains, 2.) five nailsbreadths and two grains, 3.) six nailsbreadths and four grains, 4.) one palmspan, 5.) one palmspan, four nailsbreadths and four grains, 6.) two palmspans, 7.) two palmspans, four nailsbreadths and four grains, and 8.) two palmspans, nine nailsbreadths and four grains.
 

MEASUNDER, MEACYL, THE (GNOMISH: "ERTUMEFIT", "ERTUMARIL")
The measunder, or differently called "meacyl", is a cylindrically shaped vessel, which has several measuring lines that are drawn on the side of the cylinder indicating a certain capacity. Each line has a value of 1/25 of a sip. There are measunderi of various maximal capacities - 1/5, 2/5, one, two, four, ten, twenty, forty, and eighty sips. To correctly measure a certain amount of liquid, you must pour the liquid into the measunder until its surface reaches the line you need. Measunderi can also be various in some technical details. Some of them can be with a spout and some without it. They can be wide or thin in diameter, short or long in length. The bottom of a measunder also is very important. It has to be smooth to ensure that the measunder will stand still on the table and is not slanted to the one or another side, otherwise there is a possibility to measure an incorrect amount of liquid which will affect lasting euxperi and as a result there will be untrue, or sometimes even unwanted, outcomes.
 

MEABUL, THE (GNOMISH: "ERTUBELGIC")
The meabul is a round, flat-bottomed flask with a narrow and a long neck. On its side a measuring line is drawn that is in the middle of the neck indicating a certain capacity. If a measunder can measure various capacities at a time, then a meabul is created to measure only one certain capacity at a time. There are meabuls of various capacities - one, two, four, six, eight, ten, twelve, twenty, forty, and rarely eighty sips. Meabuls are used to make solutions with a precise concentration.

To make a precisely concentrated solution you first have to place the meabul on a horizontal surface. Then, by using a funnel, 1/2 or 2/3 of a meabul fill with the solvent and add powdered substance or liquid that has to be dissolved in already poured solvent. After that, gargle the vessel to mix up the reagents. When you see that all the powdered substance has dissolved, add the rest of the solvent until its surface almost reaches the line and gargle the vessel again. Add the last drops of the solvent intently until the surface of the solution reaches the line. It is highly restricted to warm up the meabuls, because the warmth can make them wider in diameter, therefore badly affecting the measuring results. There might be situations when warming up a meabul results in its rupturing, so care must be taken.
 

MEDICINE GLASS, THE (GNOMISH: "RUM SIMARS")
The medicine glass is a conical or cylindrically shaped vessel that has a measuring lines on its side, which are showing a certain capacity. Each line has a value of 1/5 of a sip. Like measunderi and meabuls, medicine glasses can also vary in capacity, but the alchemists mostly use those medicine glasses that have the maximum capacities of two, four, ten, twenty, and forty sips. If measunderi and meabuls are used for measuring precise amounts of liquid, then medicine glasses are used only for measuring an approximate amount of liquid.
 

ROUNDED BOTTOM FLASK, THE (GNOMISH: "SODELMICRAN FLOG")
The rounded bottom flasks have a neck of various length and diameter, and their bottoms are totally rounded, therefore such flasks cannot be placed on the horizontal surface in vertical position, but can be fastened to a fastening rod. The capacity of the rounded bottom flasks with long necks can vary from four to one hundred and twelve sips, but the capacity of the rounded bottom flasks with short necks can vary between two to forty sips. These flasks are used for heating liquids during the long time period on the open fire. There are also the rounded bottom flasks with more than one neck. Such flasks are used in order to transfer liquids or gases away or to the appropriate vessel of an alchemical apparatus. There can be up to four-necked round bottom flasks.
 

TABLE FLASK, THE (GNOMISH: "DUBERFLOG")
The table flasks are rounded, flat-bottomed vessels. The flat-bottom insures the flask's stability on the horizontal surface. The table flasks can have various lengths of a neck and capacities - starting with one and up to two hundred sips. The usage and resistance of these flasks are the same as a simple flasks.
 

VIAL, THE (GNOMISH: "MUN")
Vials are small, cylindrically shaped glacial tubes, with closed lower ends. Their length can vary from three nailsbreadths, four grains up to two palmspans, six nailsbreadths, four grains, but the diameter can vary between two nailsbreadths and two nailsbreadths, four grains. The vials are used only for working with small amounts of the substances, therefore the vials should be filled no more than 1/4 to 1/8 of their total capacity. One should not fill the vial in full. You should begin to heat a vial on the open fire, in the direction from top to its bottom, otherwise, heating a vial in an opposite direction it might happen that the substance which is inside the vial, will slop out of it all over the place, and if it is very explosive or corrosive, the outcome can be disastrous. During the euxperi, the vial should be held in the hand, but when heated it should be fastened to a fastening rod, which is made out of an iron, or it should be placed into the vial claw. The vials are placed and held in vial stands (clean vials should be placed with the open end downward, but during euxperi with open end upward). After the euxperi, the vials should be washed very carefully.
 

CRUCIBLE, THE (GNOMISH: "CRUBIBEL")
The crucibles are conically shaped porcelain vessels with a flat bottom. The crucibles are very much like tiny bowls, except that they are much more resistant to the heat and sudden changes of the temperature than tiny bowls, therefore you can put the crucibles into the furnace without fear that they may rupture. If a tiny bowl is used to heat or evaporate the substance, then a crucible can be used only to melt a solid substances, like metals and the like. The crucibles can be made out of quartz and a black iron, but usually alchemists use those crucibles that are made out of a porcelain. Like tiny bowls, hot crucibles also shouldn't be held with bare hands. When you want to heat something inside a crucible you should at first fasten it into the crucible claw and only then you can start heating it by taking the handle of the claw, in which the crucible is fastened. Doing so, you avoid being burned heavily.
 
 

MORTAR, THE (GNOMISH: "GNO TIGLIM") AND PESTLE (GNOMISH: "TIGLIM KIG")
The mortars are a massive half-spherical shaped vessels that are made out of a porcelain, have thick sides, and are used for grinding a solid substances. To make the usage of a mortar comfortable enough, each of them needs a pestle that is in appropriate length and size. The outer surface of a mortar, excluding its flat bottom, and the handle of a pestle is covered by a glaze, but the mortar's inner surface and the head of a pestle is mated and porous. Such construction ensures the grinding of a solid substance into a powder. A glaze does not cover the mortar’s flat bottom only to make it still if put on the horizontal surface.

Mortars can be made out of a various materials - grey iron, black iron, copper and glass, but most commonly those mortars are used that are made out of a porcelain. They can even be made in various diameters and sizes. Working with a mortar you must remember to fill it no more than a third of its capacity to ensure easier work with it during the euxperi. Moratrs however shouldn't be heated, because on warm surfaces or above an open fire mortars may often rupture. The mortars should only be placed in water baths, because their flat bottoms soak in a very large amount of water and mortars become very heavy. The only way that you can heat the substance, which is inside of a mortar, is by the warmth of the sun or by placing the mortar near some kind warm source, like the home furnace.
 

CRUCIBLE, THE (GNOMISH: "CRUBIBEL")
The crucibles are conically shaped porcelain vessels with a flat bottom. The crucibles are very much like tiny bowls, except that they are much more resistant to the heat and sudden changes of the temperature than tiny bowls, therefore you can put the crucibles into the furnace without fear that they may rupture. If a tiny bowl is used to heat or evaporate the substance, then a crucible can be used only to melt a solid substances, like metals and the like. The crucibles can be made out of quartz and a black iron, but usually alchemists use those crucibles that are made out of a porcelain. Like tiny bowls, hot crucibles also shouldn't be held with bare hands. When you want to heat something inside a crucible you should at first fasten it into the crucible claw and only then you can start heating it by taking the handle of the claw, in which the crucible is fastened. Doing so, you avoid being burned heavily.
 
 

TINY BOWL, THE (GNOMISH: "IFIN CEGIL")
Tiny bowls are small porcelain vessels with a rounded bottom. A glaze covers the bowl’s inner surface, but the cover on the outer surface of the bowl can vary. The sizes of these bowls are defined by their diameters, which can vary between two nailsbreadths, four grains and one fore, one palmspan, one nailsbreadth, three grains. Overall, there are eight sizes of these bowls and their capacity can be various - starting from one sip to one hundred and eighty four sips. The tiny bowls can be heated on the open fire, in the furnaces and in the water baths. They generally are used for heating the substances and for evaporation. Hot bowls shouldn't be held with bare hands. When you want to heat something in it, at first you should fasten it into the bowl claw and only then you can start heating by taking the handle of a claw, in which the bowl is fastened. Doing so you avoid being burned heavily.

ALCOHOL LAMP, SPIRIT LAMP, THE (GNOMISH: "ALCOHOLS FIR KIG")
The alcohol lamps, or differently called - spirit-lamps, are used for producing flames for boiling and warming the substances. Of course, the same effect can be achieved by warming the vessel in or upon the furnace.

The alcohol lamp is a jar that is made out of a fire resistant glass. The lamp is 7 nailsbreaths in diameter and 4 nailsbreaths high. The top opened end of the jar has a narrow neck, which is approximately 1 1/2 nailsbreaths in diameter and 1 nailsbreath high, and it is closed by a small metallic lid that has a hole in its center through which a thick wick is coming out. The wick should be in contact with alcohol which is inside the jar. In order to make the wick burn, you should wait approximately one day to let the wick absorb the alcohol which is inside the jar before you try to light the wick up. Then it will produce a flame, because of absorbed alcohol, that ignites once it is in a contact with a fire.

The alcohol lamp has a small addition that is made out of glass, but can also be made out of metal. This addition looks like a simple glass that should be placed over the lamp in bottom-up position after the work is done, in order to extinguish flame of the lamp. There are no other flame extinguishing methods, because this is considered to be the safest way how to extinguish the flames of the alcohol lamp.
 

FASTENING ROD, THE (GNOMISH: "UMEG FER")
In alchemical workshops often are used other, much more complicated devices and for their creation fastening rods are used (Gnomish: "Ferglirec"), or also called - fastening rod's branches (Gnomish: "Ferfilec") and metallic rings (Gnomish: "Steeloitil"). WWith the help of these tools, it is possible to fasten the vials, flasks and funnels to the fastening rod. If you wish to make some kind device, which would consist of various vessels, you should use glacial tubes (Gnomish: "Simarli mef", "Simarli" - glacial, "mef" - tube), plural form: "Simarli mefi") with the corks (Gnomish: "Kret" - cork, plural: "Kreti"), to close the vessels and make the connections between them.

It is important to remember that before placing corks inside the tubes, you should moisten them from the outside, to make them better get into the opened ends of the tubes. The tubes you should hold near the cork, otherwise there is a possibility to break them, and have your hands cut by broken glass. The fastening rods are made only out of a metal - black or grey iron and look like a simple rods, which are one ped high and one nailsbreadth thick, and one of their ends is molten to a board, which is two palmspans in length, two palmspans wide, and several nailsbreadth thick. The board also is made out of a metal. The fastening rod's claws and metallic rings also are made out of the same metal as the fastening rod. The fastening rod's claw is a tool that looks like a claw, in which you can fasten a vial, flask, or any other tool, and then, with a help of a small screw, which is on the claw, you can fasten it to the fastening rod. The metallic ring looks like a rod on whose end is a ring. Usually these rings are wide enough to make the round bottomed flasks stand still in these rings and not fall through them. The metallic rings also have a screw, which helps to fasten them to the fastening rod.
 

CLAWS, THE (GNOMISH: FOR TINY BOWLS - "IFINGLIREK", FOR CRUCIBLES - "CRUGLIREK")
These claws look like a simple fastening rod's claws. They have the same purpose and are made out of the same material as a simple fastening rod's claw, but the difference is in size and they have no screw. For tiny bowls usually one should use the claws that are no more than two palmspans in size, one nailsbreadth, four grains in length. For crucibles two different sized claws are used - one of them is one ped in length, but the other one fore, one palmspan, six nailsbreadths, three grains in length. The longer crucible claw is used, if you need to put them out or into the furnace, but the shorter crucible claw is used if you need to heat the crucible on the open fire.
 

GLASS ROD, THE (GNOMISH: "SIMARSFILEC") AND THE METALLIC SPOON
The small glass rods and metallic spoons are used for a variety of tasks. The small glass rods, which can be one palmspan in length are used for mixing liquids, but the small metallic spoons, which also can reach only one palmspan in length are used for heating the substances over the open flame or for taking some solid or powdered substances, because substances are restricted to take with bare hands. In reference to this, among the alchemists there is a saying: "You will never know how substance will show itself, when touched with bare hands."
 

VIAL CLAW, VIAL BRANCH (GNOMISH: "MUNGLIREC", "MUNFILEC")
The vial claw looks exactly like a claw for a tiny bowl and has the same purpose. The alchemists named them differently only to ensure the order in the workshop - each tool should be in the correct place and should be used by an alchemist as he or she wishes.
 

VIAL STAND, THE (GNOMISH: "MUNFER")
The vial stand usually is made out of a wood. It looks like a small, empty, wooden box, whose one side has many holes that are wide enough to put the vials through them and make them to hold still in the stand. The vial stands are used in situations when you need to put a vial somewhere aside, if it contains some kind substance that will be useful in euxperi later and should not be sloped all over the place.