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Author Topic: The relative pronoun in Styrásh: a proposal  (Read 2121 times)
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Anwulf II
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« on: 12 May 2007, 15:49:47 »
Introduction.
There are several ways to modify nouns. You can use an adjective as in só shén feárn "the new house"; or prepositional phrases such as só banhír áh só feárn "The dog in front of the house". But what do you do when you want to combine these sentences?

(1)
a. I see the man. He is selling flowers.
b. I see the man. She likes him.
c. The dwarf was furious. His axe was missing.
d. I see the man. She gave the flowers to him.
e. The room is upstairs. I left my suitcase in it.

The two sentences share some element in common. Instead of saying or writing them separately, we'd use a relative pronoun, who(m), which, or that to join them together. Thus

(2)
a. I see the man who is selling flowers.
b. I see the man who(m) she likes.
c. The dwarf, whose axe was missing, was furious.
d. I see the man to who(m) she gave the flowers.
e. The room in which I left my suitcase is upstairs.

Proposal.
I'd like to suggest tú "who, which, that" and tuís "whose, of which" as the relative pronouns in Styrásh. Use tuís for the possessive form, but tú otherwise. For example

(3)
a. vaiá iú só styrosím tú suanát sá rannayrthím "I see the man who is painting the palace."
b. vaiá iú só styrosím tú lythát ná "I see the man who(m) she loves."
c (i). styrsití {tanáel}[1] só mód-rónn tuís khróg ecusití "The dwarf whose axe broke was angry."
c (ii). efersití só feárn tuís drén styrsití daí "The house, the door of which was red, was on fire."
d. vaiá iú só styrosím ác tú reolsití ná só merinían "I saw the man to who(m) she gave the flowers."
e. styrát {nesó}[2] khróg é tú cár-nesití só mód-rónn só meph-guourím "This is the axe with which the dwarf killed the demon."

The relative pronoun follows the noun or noun phrase it modifies.

Unlike English, you cannot say "I see the man who she gave the flowers to" (stranding of the preposition) or "I see the house you described" (with omission of the relative pronoun). Many languages also disallow such structures.

Notes.
1. {tanáel} (adj) "angry, furious". There's no adjective corresponding to tanés "anger".
2. {nesó} (m) "this". The feminine form would be {nesá}.
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