Due to the number of sentient races in Caelereth, a certain amount of cross-racial relationships can and do occur. Some of these are able to produce fertile offspring. Others are not. However, the majority of cross-racial relationships can and do produce viable, fertile offspring. We try to offer an overview on this topic for reference.

Preliminary note: Brownies are too small to physically mate with any other sentient race and therefore aren't listed. Also exceptions to these rules do exist, but they invariably involve serious magical intervention and are not possible by normal methods. - Added to the tables you'll find below is also the average number of children produced by non-mixed matings. The survival rate indicates the average number of children that survive to maturity. These numbers are averages only and indicate general populations. Certain groups, such as the nobility among most races, often have less children because they have a higher survival rate, due to better prenatal care and access to better doctors/midwives.

Rates not mentioned explicitely in the details below are: Mullogs (6-8 children over 20 years, survival rate 3-4) and Brownies (6-8 children over 12 years, survival rate 4-5).

Human Crossbreeding. Humans can reproduce with orcs, elves, halflings, gnomes, and possibly mullogs, though there is no information available to us on this last mentioned cross. Both humans and orcs have similar physiology and high fertility rates within their own species. When they mate, the chances of producing offspring are moderately high, perhaps 1 in 10. The vast majority of our information is researched from human women who were raped by orcs during a raid and subsequently became pregnant with a half-orc child, although our researchers did encounter one or two families where a human male had married an orc female and they had children together. These children tend to be more heavily built than humans, with heavier features, larger teeth and bigger jaws. The nails of their hands and feet resemble claws. Some can pass for human, some for orc, but most cannot - they are obvious crossbreeds and not well-regarded. They tend to mate with other human-orc crosses, not being particularly welcome to either humans or orcs, though of course there are exceptions. They can always get work as heavy labourers, since they are much stronger than humans and more tractable than full-blood orcs, though a few have found careers as carnival freaks. Some become criminal gang leaders in the less reputable areas of the cities of Sarvonia. With the intelligence of a human and (nearly) the strength of an orc, they are a dangerous foe. However, they are more susceptible to disease or illness than humans or orcs and are less likely to survive a serious ailment.

	Human Inter-Racial Fertility Table Cross Fertile Producing Offspring Offspring Name Human/Human Yes High (6-10/20 years, surivival rate 5-8) Human, Man Human/Elf Yes Extremely low Half-Elf, Melf, Maelf, Elfman, Feyman, Feyfolk Human/Dwarf No No n.a. Human/Orc Yes Moderately high Orman, Orcian, Tharorc, Horc Human/Halfling Yes Low Manling, Hu'ling, Hobman, Great-Hobbit Human/Mullog Unknown Unknown n.a. Human/Gnome Hardly Nearly non-existent Hume, Gnoman

Humans and elves can also reproduce, though this is extremely rare. Most commonly this occurs when a human and elf fall in love and marry, though a very few offspring have been produced through the rape of a human woman by a dark elf. These rare children can and often do pass for a delicate, fine-boned human or a heavier, more muscular elf. They usually have the beauty of their elven parent, but with a slightly more earthy quality. They are almost always tall and slender with slightly pointed ears, and fine features. Human-elf crosses often study magery, music, or entertainment as a career. They usually marry within the human community, though not always.

Humans halfling crosses are relatively unusual, though their fertility rates are similar to those of humans. These are most common on the outskirts of a Shire, where humans and hobbits come into more contact with each other. The most likely cross is a human male and hobbit woman, though there have been larger hobbit males and small human women crosses as well. Their children usually look like tall hobbits, with curly hair and large hands and feet and generally marry back into hobbit families.

Humans and gnomes can reproduce, though such a cross is rare and occurs only among the Daran, and only with gnomes that are unusually tall and thus perceived as "freakish" by their own kind. There are perhaps seven or eight such crossbred relationships in Cavthan, a city in Enthronia with a large gnomish population. Three of them have one or more children. All such couples the researchers encountered were fairly young (no adult children), which may indicate an increase in racial tolerance in the younger generations. This is encouraging, as humans and Daran gnomes have often been at odds.

Elven Crossbreeding. Elves can reproduce with humans, orcs, and halflings. No mullog-elf crosses are known. Elf-halfling crosses are unusual and the chances of producing offspring quite remote, but when it does happen, the children tend to resemble the hobbit parent, but taller, thinner and with finer features. Of the three such children that we encountered, two were adults, one married to a hobbit female, and the other to a human male. The third was a four-year old girl, the daughter of an elven male and hobbit female married couple.

	Elven Inter-Racial Fertility Table Cross Fertile Producing Offspring Offspring Name Elf/Elf Yes Low (2-4/100 years, surivival rate 2-4) Elf Elf/Human Yes Extremely low Half-Elf, Melf, Maelf, Elfman, Feyman, Feyfolk Elf/Dwarf No No n.a. Elf/Orc Yes Extremely low (offspring infertile) Elfork, Elforc, Orash, Styrorc Elf/Halfling Yes Extremely low (offspring infertile) Elfling, Feyling, Small-Elf, Hobbelf Elf/Mullog Unknown Unknown Unknown Elf/Gnome No No n.a.

There are no instances of an elf-gnome couple having had children, although admittedly the researchers were only able to discover two such relationships.

Dwarven Crossbreeding. Dwarves cannot currently interbreed to produce offspring with any other race, although due to the higher population of male dwarves, they sometimes do seek out and marry a halfling woman or (less commonly) woman of another race. Brownies are too small to physically breed with any other race, so they cannot produce offspring with another race unless strong magic is involved. For instance, there is the famous mage Whisper, whose father was the dwarf Bluetwine and whose mother was a Brownie. But this involved some serious magic which is not normally an option for most individuals.

	Dwarven Inter-Racial Fertility Table Cross Fertile Producing Offspring Offspring Name Dwarf/Dwarf Yes Moderately High (4, rarely 6/60 years, always sets of twins, surivival rate 4-6) Dwarf Other No No n.a.

Orcish Crossbreeding. Orcs are known to be able to reproduce with humans, elves, halflings and mullogs. Orc-elf crosses are very unusual to begin with and the chance of producing children highly unlikely, but it happens sometimes. These children look something like the black orcs of Nybelmar (though without the black skin), tall, slimmer-boned than orcs but much huskier than elves and very strong. They are not usually attractive, with an odd mixture of delicate elven features and heavy orcish ones. None have ever been known to produce children without magical intervention and they are thought to be infertile. The Chyrakisth of Nybelmar are an orc-elf cross which are capable of reproduction, but magic was involved in their creation. Humans tend to lump any orc-elf crosses under the name Chyrakisth, whether they are residents of Nybelmar or not.

	Orcish Inter-Racial Fertility Table Cross Fertile Producing Offspring Offspring Name Orc/Orc Yes High (8-12/15 years, surivival rate 4-6) Orc Orc/Human Yes Moderately high Orman, Orcian, Tharorc, Horc Orc/Elf Yes Extremely low (offspring infertile) Elfork, Elforc, Orash, Styrorc Orc/Dwarf Yes No n.a. Orc/Halfling Yes High (this mating produces the mullog, now recognized as a separate race) Mullog Orc/Mullog Yes Moderate M'orc, Mullorc, Orlog Orc/Gnome Unknown Unknown n.a.

Orc-halfling crosses produce the mullog, which is now known as a separate race of its own. There is a large population of mullogs in the Lower Marsh of the Silvermarshes (see mullog entry for details).

Orc-mullog crosses, of which our researchers only encountered two, both orc males/mullog females living in the mullog community, are also fertile. With the assistance of F’ash the Archivist, who can speak a very little orcish, and the hobbit-mullog cross Lumbe Bloggeson, who speaks a little mullog, it was determined that the orcs were exiles from an orc community (for being poor warriors) who preferred the mullog lifestyle to being on their own. Both couples had children, who mated back into the mullog community. - No orc/gnome crosses are known.

Halfling Crossbreeding. Halflings can reproduce with humans, orcs, elves, mullogs and gnomes. A halfling-mullog cross, which is relatively unusual, is fertile and the offspring generally will be tentatively, if suspiciously, allowed into the hobbit community. Lumbe Bloggson, whose mullog mother died giving birth to a sibling when he was six, lives in the Helmondsshire and married into a hobbit family. His sibling, a sister called Daisy, also lives in the hobbit community. Lumbe speaks some mullog and can communicate with them but is generally regarded with deep suspicion by them and only half-heartedly accepted by his mother’s family.

	Halfling Inter-Racial Fertility Table Cross Fertile Producing Offspring Offspring Name Halfling/Halfling Yes Very high (6-8/30 years, surivival rate 6-7) Halfling Halfling/Human Yes Low Manling, Hu'ling, Hobman, Great-Hobbit Halfling/Elf Yes Extremely low (offspring infertile) Elfling, Feyling, Small-Elf, Hobbelf Halfling/Dwarf No No n.a. Halfling/Orc Yes High (this mating produces the mullog, now recognized as a separate race) Mullog Halfling/Mullog Yes Moderate Hollog, Mullbit Halfling/Gnome Yes Low Hobnome, Honome, Gnomling

A halfling-gnome cross is unusual but the researchers found several, about half of which had children, one couple by using magical intervention. Two couples had adult offspring, one of which had married back into the hobbit community and one of which had married a gnome. The others were all younger.

Gnomish Crossbreeding. Gnomes can reproduce with humans and halflings. No gnome-orc or gnome-mullog crosses are known. Of all the races, gnomes seem to be the most intolerant of interbreeding, though when they do so, it is more commonly with halflings than humans and usually in a marriage relationship. In Cavthran, many years ago, several young human males attacked and violated a young female gnome. She did not conceive. Within three weeks, all the boys involved died in horrible agony, but the alchemist/doctor who did the autopsies insisted that the evidence was inconclusive. Since that time, the female gnomes have been unmolested in this way by human males.

	Gnomish Inter-Racial Fertility Table Cross Fertile Producing Offspring Offspring Name Gnome/Gnome Yes Moderate to high (4-5/60 years, surivival rate 4-5) Gnome Gnome/Human Hardly Nearly non-existent Hume, Gnoman Gnome/Elf No No n.a. Gnome/Dwarf No No n.a. Gnome/Orc Unknown Unknown n.a. Gnome/Halfling Yes Low Hobnome, Honome, Gnomling Gnome/Mullog Yes Unknown Unknown

Researchers. Kao-Rea (redbark Brownie) an inter-breeding specialist, Turik (human), a researcher, F'ash (human), an archivist, and Marana (half elven) a Santharian languages teacher. The researchers are indebted to Lumbe Bloggson of the Helmondsshire (hobbit-mullog) for his assistance with collecting halfling and mullog information.

It might be that not all possbilities of racial crossbreeding are properly recorded. The researchers have never encountered any human-mullog, elven-mullog, gnome-orc or gnome-mullog crosses, or any individuals who have, and so are unable to speak with any certainty about them. Should evidence on any such cases occur, feel free to contact the Santharian Compendium writers.

Crossbreed Nomenclature. Most crossbreeds with a human component are referred to by humans as a "half-" whatever the other race is. For example, human-orc crosses are "half-orcs" and human-elf crosses are called "half-elves". Human halfling crosses are called "great-hobbits" by both sides. The orcs on the other hand generally refer to anyone that is not a full-blooded orc as "Ch'ron-P'thok" which translates as "vermin".

The elves refer to elf crosses in the same way as humans do, i.e. elf-orc is called "half-orc", elf-human is called "half-man". Elf-hobbits are called "small-elves". Halflings lump most other races together as "bigfolk". However, they tend to be more tolerant of halfling crosses than others. The mullogs refer to the cross-breeds as something that most easily translates as "not-mullog". Gnomes are rather intolerant of crossbreeds and refer to most of them, whatever the mix, as "half-breed". This is not a positive term.

Since many of these names have negative connotations, some people (usually from the human, halfling, or crossbreed communities) have suggested different names, which more specifically identify an individual's heritage. These are summarized as follows:

	Crossbreed Nomenclature Cross Offspring Name Human/Elf Half-Elf, Melf, Maelf, Elfman, Feyman, Feyfolk Human/Halfling Manling, Hu'ling, Hobman, Great-Hobbit Human/Orc Orman, Orcian, Tharorc, Horc Human/Gnome Hume, Gnoman Elf/Orc Orman, Orcian, Tharorc, Horc Elf/Halfling Elfling, Feyling, Small-Elf, Hobbelf Halfling/Gnome Hobnome, Honome, Gnomling Halfling/Mullog Hobnome, Honome, Gnomling